Qual a classificação do vírus HIV?
O HIV é um retrovírus, classificado na subfamília dos Lentiviridae. Esses vírus compartilham algumas propriedades comuns: período de incubação prolongado antes do surgimento dos sintomas da doença, infecção das células do sangue e do sistema nervoso e supressão do sistema imune.
Qual o envelope do vírus HIV?
Estrutura do HIV Por isso, produzem degeneração progressiva do sistema imune. O vírus apresenta algumas características próprias. Dentre elas, a existência de uma camada mais externa, o envelope, que contém lipídeos e proteínas. As proteínas virais encontradas no envelope são as glicoproteínas 120 (gp120) e 41 (gp41).
What is HIV RNA and DNA?
Understanding the Presence of HIV RNA and DNA. To identify and define HIV reservoirs, many studies have assessed the presence of HIV RNA and/or DNA, two types of genetic material, in the body’s tissues and in other bodily fluids, such as semen. When HIV infects a cell, it uses the cell’s machinery to replicate.
How is the HIV virus genome generated?
The genome of the HIV provirus (see 1.1.3), also known as proviral DNA, is generated by the reverse transcription of the viral RNA genome into DNA, degradation of the RNA and integration of the double-stranded HIV DNA into the human genome.
How does HIV transmit DNA to DNA?
The shell of the capsid disintegrates and the HIV protein called reverse transcriptase transcribes the viral RNA into DNA. The viral DNA is transported across the nucleus, where the HIV protein integrase integrates the HIV DNA into the host’s DNA. The host’s normal transcription machinery transcribes HIV DNA into multiple copies of new HIV RNA.
How do viruses convert RNA to DNA?
Upon entry into the target cell, the viral RNA genome is converted (reverse transcribed) into double-stranded DNA by a virally encoded enzyme, reverse transcriptase, that is transported along with the viral genome in the virus particle.